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Gunther Zieger

The only grey goose with a circumpolar arctic distribution. Two subspecies in Europe, with nominate pink-billed albifrons breeding in northern Russia and Siberia and wintering across milder parts of continental Europe, and the larger, orange-billed subspecies flavirostris, which breeds in western Greenland and winters in Ireland, wetsern Scotland, England and Wales.

Season of assessment

W

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
1180000-1970000,1420000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Michele Mendi

The species occurs in open and semi-open forest and woodland habitats, farmland with trees, parks and gardens in human settlements. For hunting, it requires richly structured habitat, often with some preference for access to water (Holt et al. 2020). 

Its distribution covers most of W Palearctic – the species is widespread in Europe (except for N Fennoscandia and NW Russia), the occurrence is patchier in NW Africa, Middle East and C Asia (Keller et al. 2020).

All populations are resident. However, long-distance dispersal movements are rarely recorded.

Its population trend in Europe is unknown. Evaluated as “Least Concern” (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
1260000-1870000,1520000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Neil Calbrade

Carrion/Hooded Cros is widely distributed across Europe, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic circle. There are four subspecies, sometimes separated into two distinct species, despite the large intergradation in contact zones (Vijay et al. 2016). All-black Carrion Crow corone in W Europe, from England, down to Iberia and across to Germany. Grey-bodied Hooded Crow (group cornix) occurs in Scotland and Ireland, and from E Germany and Italy N and E, including Fennoscandia, Corsica and Sardinia, to European Russia.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
16200000-27500000,20800000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Gunther Zieger

A long-distance migratory passerine breeding from W Europe (Benelux) to W Russia; overwinters in E Africa, reaching S Africa (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
11700000-17000000,14100000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Michele Mendi

It occupies deciduous and mixed (in Europe rarely coniferous) forests with mature trees with well-developed canopy, also riverine woodland, parkland, old orchards, large gardens etc. Species’ range extends across the temperate regions of the Palearctic, from W Europe and S Scandinavia to Kamchatka, Japan and SE China, as well as NW Africa and Middle East. It is widespread in Europe, absent in most of Fennoscandia and some islands (Harrap et al. 2020, Keller et al. 2020).

Essentially resident species, irregular irruptions sometimes take place.

Its population trend in Europe is increasing. Evaluated as “Least Concern” (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
19000000-34700000,25100000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Callum Macgregor

The species has complex habitat preferences,

inhabiting forest and woodland with well-grown trees with numerous bark cracks and crevices suitable for foraging, roosting and nesting. There is a clear preference towards old-growth forests with decaying trees (Harrap 2020).

Its range extends across the Palearctic region from W Europe to Japan. It is widespread in Europe, occupying both temperate and boreal zone, the distribution being more fragmented to the S (Keller et al. 2020).

Primarily resident species, showing locally some short-distance movements.

Its population trend in Europe is stable. Evaluated as “Least Concern” (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
10900000-19200000,14400000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Callum Macgregor

Small finch breeding from W Europe to C Siberia; wintering around the Mediterranean and into N Europe and across to the Himalayas. Populations from W, S and C Europe vary from resident to partial migrant (BirdLife International 2022).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
35800000-64400000,46100000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Anne Cotton

Medium-sized thrush, feeds on a wide variety of invertebrates, in autumn and winter also berries. Nominate iliacus breeds from North Europe to central Asia; winters to North Africa and Near East, ssp. coburni breeds in Iceland and Faeroes and winters in NW Europe and Iberia. Likes cover of birch or mixed woodland, often with many pines and spruces, especially along rivers and on floodlands, but also in low thickets of scrub birch, dwarf willow, and juniper, preferably on swampy ground. The european population is decreasing and the status is Near Threatened. Migratory or partially migratory.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendDecreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
16200000-28100000,21300000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Christian Hoefs

There are several sub-species of Twite - in mainland Europe ssp. flavirostris and ssp. pipilans in Britain & Ireland. The endemic subspecies pipilans is Red-listed (Eaton et al. 2015). In Europe, most populations are migratory.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendUnknown
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
159000-548000,285000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries

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Michele Mendi

Small raptor, feeds almost entirely on birds. Nominate nisus: Europe to Asia Minor and Siberia; granti: Madeira and Canary Islands; punicus: Morocco to Tunisia; wolterstorffi: Corsica and Sardinia. Prefers well-grown, undisturbed, more or less extensive stands of coniferous, mixed, or less often purely deciduous trees. Population size is extremely large and stable, hence the status is Least Concern. Migratory, partially migratory, and dispersive; extent of regular seasonal movement increases progressively to north and north-east. Almost total autumn withdrawal from northernmost areas.

Season of assessment

B

Population trendStable
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
728000-1150000,915000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
N records N individuals N recoveries
Mapped data*
Total available data
*Mapped data include only distant (>= 50 km) recoveries
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