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Callum Macgregor

The species has complex habitat preferences,

inhabiting forest and woodland with well-grown trees with numerous bark cracks and crevices suitable for foraging, roosting and nesting. There is a clear preference towards old-growth forests with decaying trees (Harrap 2020).

Its range extends across the Palearctic region from W Europe to Japan. It is widespread in Europe, occupying both temperate and boreal zone, the distribution being more fragmented to the S (Keller et al. 2020).

Primarily resident species, showing locally some short-distance movements.

Its population trend in Europe is stable. Evaluated as “Least Concern” (BirdLife International 2021).

Season of assessment

B

Population trendIncreasing
Population size
(min-max, best estimate)
10900000-19200000,14400000
Red List categoryLC
Franks, S., Fiedler, W., Arizaga, J., Jiguet, F., Nikolov, B., van der Jeugd, Ambrosini, R, Aizpurua, O., Bairlein, F., Clark, J., Fattorini, N, Hammond, M., Higgins, D, Levering, H., Skellorn, W., Spina, F, Thorup, K. Walker, J., Woodward, I. and Baillie, S.R. (1) (2022) Online Atlas of the movements of European bird populations. https://migrationatlas.org EURING/CMS (1) Principal investigator
Nombre de données Nombre d'individus Nombre de contrôles
Données cartographiées*
Données totales disponibles
*Données cartographiées avec des contrôles >= à 50 km